Participatory Democracy Index by country
Central estimate of the extent of suffrage, the freedom and fairness of elections, freedoms of association and expression, as well as the extent to which citizens can engage in regional and local government, civil society organizations, and direct democracy.
Countries reporting
173
Highest
0.785
Switzerland
Lowest
0.008
Eritrea
Median
0.283
Years covered
237
1789–2025
Data points
29,363
What the numbers show
Participatory Democracy Index is currently reported for 173 countries. The highest value is 0.785 in Switzerland; the lowest is 0.008 in Eritrea.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.283, and the mean is 0.3026.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 98.
Over the past decade 52 countries rose and 120 fell. The largest increase was in Gambia (up 190.0%), and the largest decrease in Myanmar (down 80.9%).
Participatory Democracy Index: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Switzerland | 0.785 | 2025 | down 2.5% | rising |
| 2 | Uruguay | 0.716 | 2025 | down 4.5% | volatile |
| 3 | Denmark | 0.7 | 2025 | down 1.4% | volatile |
| 4 | Taiwan | 0.652 | 2025 | up 8.5% | volatile |
| 5 | Australia | 0.648 | 2025 | up 7.5% | volatile |
| 6 | Norway | 0.638 | 2025 | down 2.3% | volatile |
| 7 | Sweden | 0.635 | 2025 | down 3.3% | volatile |
| 8 | Belgium | 0.633 | 2025 | down 2.6% | volatile |
| 9 | Estonia | 0.621 | 2025 | down 1.9% | volatile |
| 11 | Costa Rica | 0.606 | 2025 | down 10.6% | volatile |
| 12 | Finland | 0.597 | 2025 | down 2.1% | volatile |
| 12 | France | 0.597 | 2025 | down 5.1% | volatile |
| 14 | Latvia | 0.595 | 2025 | down 9.6% | volatile |
| 15 | Germany | 0.593 | 2025 | down 7.2% | volatile |
| 16 | Canada | 0.589 | 2025 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 17 | Austria | 0.582 | 2025 | down 11.7% | volatile |
| 18 | New Zealand | 0.581 | 2025 | down 15.4% | rising |
| 19 | Chile | 0.574 | 2025 | down 2.5% | volatile |
| 20 | Spain | 0.572 | 2025 | down 6.5% | volatile |
| 21 | Italy | 0.569 | 2025 | down 15.2% | volatile |
| 22 | Iceland | 0.565 | 2025 | down 11.4% | rising |
| 23 | Czechia | 0.562 | 2025 | down 1.1% | volatile |
| 24 | Lithuania | 0.56 | 2025 | down 12.4% | volatile |
| 26 | Netherlands | 0.553 | 2025 | down 9.0% | volatile |
| 27 | South Korea | 0.551 | 2025 | up 19.3% | volatile |
| 28 | United Kingdom | 0.533 | 2025 | down 15.5% | volatile |
| 29 | Portugal | 0.529 | 2025 | down 17.2% | volatile |
| 31 | Brazil | 0.528 | 2025 | down 14.1% | volatile |
| 32 | Japan | 0.526 | 2025 | down 0.2% | volatile |
| 33 | Jamaica | 0.524 | 2025 | down 2.8% | volatile |
| 34 | Sri Lanka | 0.52 | 2025 | up 44.4% | volatile |
| 35 | Poland | 0.519 | 2025 | down 15.7% | volatile |
| 36 | United States | 0.51 | 2025 | down 21.9% | rising |
| 37 | Suriname | 0.509 | 2025 | up 6.7% | volatile |
| 38 | Slovakia | 0.508 | 2025 | down 20.0% | volatile |
| 39 | Slovenia | 0.506 | 2025 | down 26.6% | volatile |
| 40 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.505 | 2025 | down 0.4% | volatile |
| 41 | Greece | 0.493 | 2025 | down 23.2% | volatile |
| 42 | Cyprus | 0.49 | 2025 | down 15.1% | volatile |
| 43 | Mauritius | 0.481 | 2025 | up 3.4% | volatile |
| 44 | Dominican Republic | 0.475 | 2025 | up 30.1% | volatile |
| 45 | South Africa | 0.47 | 2025 | down 6.0% | volatile |
| 46 | Colombia | 0.467 | 2025 | up 1.3% | volatile |
| 47 | Ecuador | 0.462 | 2025 | up 27.3% | volatile |
| 47 | East Timor | 0.462 | 2025 | up 27.6% | volatile |
| 49 | Croatia | 0.459 | 2025 | down 22.6% | volatile |
| 50 | Cape Verde | 0.458 | 2025 | down 3.0% | volatile |
| 51 | Israel | 0.455 | 2025 | down 3.0% | volatile |
| 52 | Peru | 0.448 | 2025 | down 23.3% | volatile |
| 53 | Panama | 0.441 | 2025 | down 7.2% | volatile |
| 54 | Nepal | 0.435 | 2025 | up 21.8% | volatile |
| 55 | Argentina | 0.429 | 2025 | down 16.4% | volatile |
| 55 | Solomon Islands | 0.429 | 2025 | up 21.5% | volatile |
| 57 | Guatemala | 0.421 | 2025 | up 22.0% | volatile |
| 58 | Romania | 0.416 | 2025 | down 17.0% | volatile |
| 59 | Bolivia | 0.414 | 2025 | down 10.6% | volatile |
| 60 | Gambia | 0.406 | 2025 | up 190.0% | volatile |
| 61 | Lesotho | 0.404 | 2025 | up 12.2% | volatile |
| 62 | Montenegro | 0.403 | 2025 | up 25.9% | volatile |
| 63 | Senegal | 0.402 | 2025 | down 7.4% | volatile |
| 64 | Bulgaria | 0.397 | 2025 | down 14.3% | volatile |
| 65 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.391 | 2025 | down 4.4% | volatile |
| 66 | Moldova | 0.389 | 2025 | up 5.4% | volatile |
| 67 | Botswana | 0.369 | 2025 | down 15.8% | volatile |
| 68 | Malawi | 0.366 | 2025 | up 6.7% | volatile |
| 69 | Ghana | 0.361 | 2025 | down 1.9% | volatile |
| 70 | North Macedonia | 0.354 | 2025 | up 18.4% | volatile |
| 71 | Bhutan | 0.349 | 2025 | down 1.4% | volatile |
| 71 | Namibia | 0.349 | 2025 | down 21.4% | volatile |
| 73 | Zambia | 0.348 | 2025 | up 16.8% | volatile |
| 74 | Barbados | 0.347 | 2025 | up 3.0% | volatile |
| 75 | Paraguay | 0.342 | 2025 | down 8.6% | volatile |
| 76 | Seychelles | 0.341 | 2025 | up 63.9% | volatile |
| 77 | Mexico | 0.337 | 2025 | down 15.5% | volatile |
| 78 | Kenya | 0.335 | 2025 | down 10.9% | volatile |
| 79 | Nigeria | 0.323 | 2025 | down 13.2% | volatile |
| 79 | Vanuatu | 0.323 | 2025 | down 28.4% | volatile |
| 81 | Liberia | 0.321 | 2025 | down 5.6% | volatile |
| 82 | Honduras | 0.32 | 2025 | up 15.9% | volatile |
| 83 | Armenia | 0.319 | 2025 | up 67.9% | volatile |
| 84 | Maldives | 0.316 | 2025 | up 34.5% | volatile |
| 85 | Sierra Leone | 0.307 | 2025 | down 9.7% | volatile |
| 86 | Malaysia | 0.303 | 2025 | up 30.6% | volatile |
| 87 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.298 | 2025 | down 6.9% | volatile |
| 87 | Indonesia | 0.298 | 2025 | down 32.4% | volatile |
| 89 | Albania | 0.29 | 2025 | down 7.3% | volatile |
| 90 | Guyana | 0.283 | 2025 | down 29.6% | rising |
| 91 | Mongolia | 0.281 | 2025 | down 25.7% | volatile |
| 92 | Benin | 0.28 | 2025 | down 34.9% | volatile |
| 92 | Papua New Guinea | 0.28 | 2025 | up 4.5% | volatile |
| 94 | Hungary | 0.268 | 2025 | down 33.7% | volatile |
| 95 | Fiji | 0.265 | 2025 | up 39.5% | volatile |
| 96 | Cote d'Ivoire | 0.262 | 2025 | down 15.2% | volatile |
| 97 | Philippines | 0.261 | 2025 | down 27.7% | rising |
| 98 | Ukraine | 0.252 | 2025 | down 14.0% | volatile |
| 99 | India | 0.246 | 2025 | down 25.5% | volatile |
| 100 | Tanzania | 0.245 | 2025 | down 14.9% | volatile |
| 101 | Tunisia | 0.242 | 2025 | down 40.5% | volatile |
| 102 | Gabon | 0.24 | 2025 | down 8.4% | volatile |
| 103 | Georgia | 0.236 | 2025 | down 45.6% | volatile |
| 104 | Togo | 0.233 | 2025 | up 26.6% | volatile |
| 105 | Iraq | 0.224 | 2025 | down 13.5% | volatile |
| 106 | Lebanon | 0.222 | 2025 | down 15.3% | rising |
| 107 | Mauritania | 0.221 | 2025 | up 26.3% | volatile |
| 108 | Madagascar | 0.217 | 2025 | down 27.9% | volatile |
| 108 | Serbia | 0.217 | 2025 | down 22.8% | volatile |
| 110 | Zimbabwe | 0.202 | 2025 | down 14.4% | rising |
| 111 | Mozambique | 0.201 | 2025 | down 25.6% | volatile |
| 112 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0.2 | 2025 | down 2.0% | volatile |
| 112 | Comoros | 0.2 | 2025 | down 25.1% | volatile |
| 114 | Pakistan | 0.192 | 2025 | down 29.4% | volatile |
| 115 | Niger | 0.189 | 2025 | down 57.8% | volatile |
| 116 | Congo | 0.188 | 2025 | up 42.4% | volatile |
| 117 | Thailand | 0.186 | 2025 | up 154.8% | volatile |
| 118 | Turkey | 0.165 | 2025 | down 37.5% | volatile |
| 119 | Mali | 0.164 | 2025 | down 49.8% | volatile |
| 119 | Vietnam | 0.164 | 2025 | down 1.8% | rising |
| 121 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.163 | 2025 | down 41.2% | volatile |
| 122 | El Salvador | 0.159 | 2025 | down 60.9% | volatile |
| 123 | Uganda | 0.156 | 2025 | down 28.4% | volatile |
| 124 | Morocco | 0.151 | 2025 | down 13.7% | volatile |
| 125 | Venezuela | 0.148 | 2025 | down 29.2% | volatile |
| 126 | Burundi | 0.142 | 2025 | down 15.0% | volatile |
| 126 | Djibouti | 0.142 | 2025 | up 6.8% | volatile |
| 128 | Jordan | 0.132 | 2025 | up 16.8% | rising |
| 129 | Central African Republic | 0.13 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 129 | Rwanda | 0.13 | 2025 | down 34.7% | volatile |
| 131 | Chad | 0.129 | 2025 | up 4.0% | volatile |
| 132 | Ethiopia | 0.128 | 2025 | up 36.2% | volatile |
| 132 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.128 | 2025 | down 41.6% | volatile |
| 134 | Russia | 0.124 | 2025 | down 16.8% | volatile |
| 135 | Singapore | 0.121 | 2025 | up 10.0% | rising |
| 136 | Guinea | 0.12 | 2025 | down 52.2% | volatile |
| 136 | Oman | 0.12 | 2025 | down 2.4% | volatile |
| 138 | Haiti | 0.119 | 2025 | down 52.6% | volatile |
| 139 | Laos | 0.118 | 2025 | up 22.9% | volatile |
| 140 | Eswatini | 0.11 | 2025 | down 9.1% | rising |
| 141 | Kazakhstan | 0.107 | 2025 | up 46.6% | volatile |
| 142 | Burkina Faso | 0.104 | 2025 | down 55.2% | volatile |
| 143 | Angola | 0.103 | 2025 | up 56.1% | volatile |
| 144 | Bangladesh | 0.099 | 2025 | down 18.9% | volatile |
| 145 | Nicaragua | 0.098 | 2025 | down 47.3% | volatile |
| 146 | Algeria | 0.095 | 2025 | down 20.2% | volatile |
| 146 | Somalia | 0.095 | 2025 | up 9.2% | volatile |
| 148 | Cameroon | 0.093 | 2025 | down 45.0% | rising |
| 149 | Libya | 0.087 | 2025 | down 51.4% | volatile |
| 150 | Uzbekistan | 0.082 | 2025 | up 115.8% | rising |
| 151 | Egypt | 0.076 | 2025 | up 46.2% | volatile |
| 152 | Yemen | 0.072 | 2025 | down 20.0% | volatile |
| 153 | Cambodia | 0.06 | 2025 | down 47.4% | volatile |
| 154 | Tajikistan | 0.059 | 2025 | up 15.7% | rising |
| 155 | Syria | 0.058 | 2025 | up 28.9% | volatile |
| 156 | Palestine | 0.055 | 1948 | down 14.1% | flat |
| 157 | Bahrain | 0.054 | 2025 | up 17.4% | volatile |
| 157 | Belarus | 0.054 | 2025 | down 40.0% | volatile |
| 157 | Cuba | 0.054 | 2025 | up 20.0% | volatile |
| 160 | Kuwait | 0.053 | 2025 | down 50.9% | volatile |
| 161 | Afghanistan | 0.051 | 2025 | down 64.1% | volatile |
| 161 | Sudan | 0.051 | 2025 | down 41.4% | volatile |
| 163 | Hong Kong | 0.049 | 2025 | down 61.7% | volatile |
| 164 | South Sudan | 0.047 | 2025 | down 46.0% | volatile |
| 165 | North Korea | 0.044 | 2025 | up 2.3% | volatile |
| 166 | Azerbaijan | 0.043 | 2025 | down 23.2% | volatile |
| 167 | Iran | 0.042 | 2025 | down 12.5% | rising |
| 168 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.041 | 2025 | down 28.1% | volatile |
| 168 | Myanmar | 0.041 | 2025 | down 80.9% | volatile |
| 170 | China | 0.036 | 2025 | down 10.0% | volatile |
| 171 | Qatar | 0.034 | 2025 | up 41.7% | volatile |
| 172 | Turkmenistan | 0.033 | 2025 | up 6.5% | rising |
| 173 | United Arab Emirates | 0.031 | 2025 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 174 | Saudi Arabia | 0.026 | 2025 | down 10.3% | volatile |
| 175 | Vatican | 0.01 | 1870 | down 47.4% | falling |
| 176 | Eritrea | 0.008 | 2025 | down 20.0% | volatile |
About this data
Central estimate of the extent of suffrage, the freedom and fairness of elections, freedoms of association and expression, as well as the extent to which citizens can engage in regional and local government, civil society organizations, and direct democracy.