Electoral Democracy Index by country
Central estimate of the extent to which political leaders are elected under comprehensive suffrage in free and fair elections, and freedoms of association and expression are guaranteed.
Countries reporting
173
Highest
0.913
Denmark
Lowest
0.016
Saudi Arabia
Median
0.484
Years covered
237
1789–2025
Data points
29,649
What the numbers show
Electoral Democracy Index is currently reported for 173 countries. The highest value is 0.913 in Denmark; the lowest is 0.016 in Saudi Arabia.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.484, and the mean is 0.4755.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 57.
Over the past decade 44 countries rose and 127 fell. The largest increase was in Thailand (up 165.0%), and the largest decrease in Afghanistan (down 80.2%).
Electoral Democracy Index: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Denmark | 0.913 | 2025 | down 0.9% | volatile |
| 2 | Norway | 0.89 | 2025 | down 1.5% | volatile |
| 3 | Belgium | 0.889 | 2025 | down 1.3% | volatile |
| 3 | Sweden | 0.889 | 2025 | down 2.8% | volatile |
| 5 | Estonia | 0.887 | 2025 | down 0.8% | volatile |
| 7 | Switzerland | 0.882 | 2025 | down 2.3% | rising |
| 9 | France | 0.865 | 2025 | down 2.0% | volatile |
| 10 | Costa Rica | 0.862 | 2025 | down 4.9% | volatile |
| 10 | Uruguay | 0.862 | 2025 | down 3.9% | volatile |
| 12 | Finland | 0.852 | 2025 | down 2.0% | volatile |
| 13 | Czechia | 0.849 | 2025 | down 0.4% | volatile |
| 13 | New Zealand | 0.849 | 2025 | down 3.9% | rising |
| 15 | Australia | 0.844 | 2025 | down 2.4% | rising |
| 16 | Canada | 0.84 | 2025 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 17 | Austria | 0.839 | 2025 | down 3.9% | volatile |
| 17 | Chile | 0.839 | 2025 | down 5.3% | volatile |
| 19 | Latvia | 0.834 | 2025 | down 0.5% | volatile |
| 20 | Netherlands | 0.832 | 2025 | down 5.3% | volatile |
| 21 | Germany | 0.828 | 2025 | down 6.2% | volatile |
| 22 | Spain | 0.822 | 2025 | down 4.0% | volatile |
| 22 | Portugal | 0.822 | 2025 | down 7.3% | volatile |
| 24 | Japan | 0.819 | 2025 | up 0.2% | volatile |
| 24 | South Korea | 0.819 | 2025 | up 16.2% | volatile |
| 26 | Iceland | 0.807 | 2025 | down 6.3% | rising |
| 27 | Jamaica | 0.805 | 2025 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 28 | Taiwan | 0.801 | 2025 | down 0.6% | volatile |
| 29 | Barbados | 0.797 | 2025 | up 2.7% | volatile |
| 30 | Lithuania | 0.786 | 2025 | down 6.0% | volatile |
| 30 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.786 | 2025 | down 0.6% | volatile |
| 32 | Brazil | 0.784 | 2025 | down 8.9% | volatile |
| 33 | Sri Lanka | 0.783 | 2025 | up 42.4% | rising |
| 35 | Suriname | 0.781 | 2025 | up 3.2% | volatile |
| 36 | Cyprus | 0.773 | 2025 | down 9.2% | volatile |
| 37 | United Kingdom | 0.772 | 2025 | down 9.7% | rising |
| 38 | Poland | 0.768 | 2025 | down 12.3% | volatile |
| 39 | Seychelles | 0.76 | 2025 | up 46.7% | volatile |
| 40 | Cape Verde | 0.745 | 2025 | down 6.3% | volatile |
| 40 | Italy | 0.745 | 2025 | down 13.9% | volatile |
| 42 | South Africa | 0.743 | 2025 | down 1.6% | volatile |
| 43 | Greece | 0.741 | 2025 | down 15.8% | volatile |
| 44 | Mauritius | 0.738 | 2025 | up 0.1% | volatile |
| 45 | East Timor | 0.736 | 2025 | up 14.3% | volatile |
| 46 | Dominican Republic | 0.735 | 2025 | up 24.6% | volatile |
| 46 | United States | 0.735 | 2025 | down 18.3% | rising |
| 48 | Slovakia | 0.733 | 2025 | down 12.5% | volatile |
| 49 | Vanuatu | 0.729 | 2025 | down 2.4% | volatile |
| 50 | Panama | 0.728 | 2025 | down 3.6% | volatile |
| 51 | Ghana | 0.711 | 2025 | down 3.8% | volatile |
| 52 | Solomon Islands | 0.696 | 2025 | up 17.2% | volatile |
| 53 | Israel | 0.694 | 2025 | down 5.3% | volatile |
| 54 | Slovenia | 0.692 | 2025 | down 20.7% | volatile |
| 55 | Argentina | 0.69 | 2025 | down 9.8% | volatile |
| 56 | Croatia | 0.686 | 2025 | down 15.9% | volatile |
| 57 | Colombia | 0.679 | 2025 | down 0.3% | volatile |
| 58 | Peru | 0.667 | 2025 | down 18.4% | volatile |
| 59 | Botswana | 0.665 | 2025 | down 3.6% | volatile |
| 60 | Lesotho | 0.661 | 2025 | up 10.7% | volatile |
| 61 | Nepal | 0.656 | 2025 | up 2.0% | volatile |
| 62 | Gambia | 0.641 | 2025 | up 162.7% | volatile |
| 63 | Guatemala | 0.637 | 2025 | up 8.5% | volatile |
| 64 | Montenegro | 0.636 | 2025 | up 31.4% | volatile |
| 65 | Namibia | 0.633 | 2025 | down 10.5% | volatile |
| 65 | Senegal | 0.633 | 2025 | down 12.8% | volatile |
| 67 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.632 | 2025 | down 4.8% | volatile |
| 68 | Armenia | 0.614 | 2025 | up 77.5% | volatile |
| 69 | Ecuador | 0.607 | 2025 | up 13.9% | volatile |
| 70 | Bolivia | 0.605 | 2025 | down 0.7% | volatile |
| 70 | Romania | 0.605 | 2025 | down 15.5% | volatile |
| 72 | Bulgaria | 0.599 | 2025 | down 10.7% | volatile |
| 73 | Liberia | 0.597 | 2025 | down 2.3% | volatile |
| 74 | Paraguay | 0.581 | 2025 | down 2.0% | volatile |
| 75 | Bhutan | 0.566 | 2025 | down 0.4% | volatile |
| 76 | Kenya | 0.563 | 2025 | up 4.5% | volatile |
| 77 | North Macedonia | 0.562 | 2025 | up 27.7% | volatile |
| 78 | Malawi | 0.557 | 2025 | up 3.1% | volatile |
| 79 | Maldives | 0.556 | 2025 | up 46.3% | volatile |
| 80 | Moldova | 0.553 | 2025 | down 3.0% | volatile |
| 81 | Mongolia | 0.535 | 2025 | down 21.4% | volatile |
| 82 | Guyana | 0.515 | 2025 | down 20.8% | rising |
| 83 | Honduras | 0.511 | 2025 | up 20.0% | volatile |
| 84 | Fiji | 0.507 | 2025 | up 31.7% | rising |
| 85 | Nigeria | 0.505 | 2025 | down 8.8% | volatile |
| 86 | Malaysia | 0.504 | 2025 | up 55.1% | volatile |
| 87 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.498 | 2025 | down 9.0% | volatile |
| 88 | Zambia | 0.497 | 2025 | up 8.5% | volatile |
| 89 | Benin | 0.493 | 2025 | down 24.4% | volatile |
| 90 | Albania | 0.484 | 2025 | down 6.6% | volatile |
| 91 | Sierra Leone | 0.471 | 2025 | down 8.4% | volatile |
| 92 | Mexico | 0.469 | 2025 | down 27.1% | volatile |
| 93 | Papua New Guinea | 0.467 | 2025 | up 5.2% | volatile |
| 94 | Indonesia | 0.462 | 2025 | down 29.4% | volatile |
| 95 | Singapore | 0.434 | 2025 | up 4.3% | volatile |
| 96 | Thailand | 0.424 | 2025 | up 165.0% | volatile |
| 97 | Hungary | 0.421 | 2025 | down 31.8% | volatile |
| 98 | Lebanon | 0.419 | 2025 | down 12.7% | rising |
| 99 | Georgia | 0.401 | 2025 | down 40.0% | volatile |
| 100 | Tunisia | 0.395 | 2025 | down 45.7% | volatile |
| 101 | Cote d'Ivoire | 0.394 | 2025 | down 16.7% | volatile |
| 102 | Philippines | 0.392 | 2025 | down 24.9% | volatile |
| 103 | Ukraine | 0.386 | 2025 | down 8.1% | volatile |
| 104 | India | 0.377 | 2025 | down 30.6% | volatile |
| 105 | Iraq | 0.369 | 2025 | down 6.8% | volatile |
| 106 | Tanzania | 0.365 | 2025 | down 19.4% | volatile |
| 107 | Madagascar | 0.361 | 2025 | down 24.2% | volatile |
| 108 | Togo | 0.351 | 2025 | down 25.5% | volatile |
| 109 | Angola | 0.344 | 2025 | up 18.6% | volatile |
| 110 | Mauritania | 0.328 | 2025 | down 23.9% | volatile |
| 111 | El Salvador | 0.321 | 2025 | down 51.2% | volatile |
| 112 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.313 | 2025 | down 31.2% | volatile |
| 113 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0.306 | 2025 | down 3.2% | volatile |
| 114 | Gabon | 0.302 | 2025 | down 19.5% | volatile |
| 114 | Pakistan | 0.302 | 2025 | down 31.5% | volatile |
| 116 | Serbia | 0.3 | 2025 | down 28.9% | volatile |
| 117 | Central African Republic | 0.293 | 2025 | up 3.2% | volatile |
| 117 | Comoros | 0.293 | 2025 | down 25.8% | volatile |
| 117 | Turkey | 0.293 | 2025 | down 24.5% | volatile |
| 120 | Jordan | 0.282 | 2025 | up 10.6% | rising |
| 121 | Mozambique | 0.279 | 2025 | down 36.2% | volatile |
| 122 | Zimbabwe | 0.268 | 2025 | down 11.3% | rising |
| 123 | Algeria | 0.265 | 2025 | down 19.9% | volatile |
| 124 | Cameroon | 0.26 | 2025 | down 19.8% | rising |
| 125 | Kazakhstan | 0.259 | 2025 | up 10.7% | volatile |
| 125 | Morocco | 0.259 | 2025 | down 1.9% | volatile |
| 127 | Ethiopia | 0.257 | 2025 | up 12.7% | volatile |
| 128 | Uganda | 0.253 | 2025 | down 15.7% | volatile |
| 129 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.252 | 2025 | down 49.7% | volatile |
| 130 | Djibouti | 0.25 | 2025 | up 2.0% | volatile |
| 131 | Congo | 0.243 | 2025 | down 2.4% | volatile |
| 132 | Chad | 0.242 | 2025 | down 13.3% | volatile |
| 133 | Haiti | 0.238 | 2025 | down 44.0% | volatile |
| 134 | Niger | 0.227 | 2025 | down 63.5% | volatile |
| 135 | Uzbekistan | 0.218 | 2025 | up 31.3% | rising |
| 136 | Bangladesh | 0.195 | 2025 | down 29.1% | volatile |
| 137 | Libya | 0.193 | 2025 | down 32.3% | volatile |
| 137 | Rwanda | 0.193 | 2025 | down 14.6% | volatile |
| 139 | Egypt | 0.187 | 2025 | up 19.9% | volatile |
| 139 | Guinea | 0.187 | 2025 | down 50.1% | volatile |
| 141 | Burundi | 0.185 | 2025 | down 5.6% | volatile |
| 142 | Cambodia | 0.183 | 2025 | down 37.1% | volatile |
| 143 | Venezuela | 0.181 | 2025 | down 39.7% | volatile |
| 144 | Cuba | 0.176 | 2025 | up 4.8% | volatile |
| 145 | Oman | 0.175 | 2025 | up 1.7% | volatile |
| 146 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.172 | 2025 | down 3.4% | volatile |
| 147 | Azerbaijan | 0.171 | 2025 | down 11.4% | volatile |
| 148 | Russia | 0.17 | 2025 | down 35.8% | volatile |
| 149 | Somalia | 0.165 | 2025 | up 1.9% | volatile |
| 150 | Mali | 0.164 | 2025 | down 69.8% | volatile |
| 151 | Belarus | 0.163 | 2025 | down 34.0% | volatile |
| 152 | Iran | 0.159 | 2025 | down 14.5% | rising |
| 153 | Tajikistan | 0.158 | 2025 | down 14.1% | volatile |
| 154 | Hong Kong | 0.151 | 2025 | down 56.2% | rising |
| 154 | Nicaragua | 0.151 | 2025 | down 52.5% | volatile |
| 156 | Turkmenistan | 0.148 | 2025 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 157 | Vietnam | 0.146 | 2025 | down 1.4% | flat |
| 158 | Bahrain | 0.139 | 2025 | down 3.5% | volatile |
| 159 | Kuwait | 0.138 | 2025 | down 55.6% | volatile |
| 160 | Laos | 0.135 | 2025 | up 50.0% | volatile |
| 161 | Burkina Faso | 0.134 | 2025 | down 64.4% | volatile |
| 162 | South Sudan | 0.133 | 2025 | down 19.9% | volatile |
| 163 | Sudan | 0.13 | 2025 | down 40.9% | volatile |
| 164 | Eswatini | 0.128 | 2025 | down 2.3% | volatile |
| 164 | Syria | 0.128 | 2025 | down 5.9% | volatile |
| 166 | Yemen | 0.127 | 2025 | down 31.0% | volatile |
| 167 | United Arab Emirates | 0.104 | 2025 | up 9.5% | volatile |
| 168 | North Korea | 0.083 | 2025 | down 2.4% | volatile |
| 169 | Myanmar | 0.08 | 2025 | down 78.4% | volatile |
| 169 | Palestine | 0.08 | 1948 | down 43.7% | flat |
| 171 | China | 0.072 | 2025 | down 12.2% | rising |
| 172 | Afghanistan | 0.069 | 2025 | down 80.2% | volatile |
| 172 | Eritrea | 0.069 | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 174 | Qatar | 0.034 | 2025 | down 17.1% | volatile |
| 175 | Vatican | 0.026 | 1870 | down 35.0% | volatile |
| 176 | Saudi Arabia | 0.016 | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
About this data
Central estimate of the extent to which political leaders are elected under comprehensive suffrage in free and fair elections, and freedoms of association and expression are guaranteed.