Direct Democracy Index in Peru
Peru: Direct Democracy Index was 0.195 in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Direct Democracy Index in Peru, 1900–2025
Source: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
Analysis
The most recent figure for direct democracy index in Peru is 0.195, measured in 2025.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 11.0% on the previous year and down 23.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, direct democracy index in Peru peaked at 0.327 in 2018 and was at its lowest, 0, in 1900.
That places Peru 26th out of 175 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the top quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Direct Democracy Index in Peru, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 0 | — |
| 1901 | 0 | — |
| 1902 | 0 | — |
| 1903 | 0 | — |
| 1904 | 0 | — |
| 1905 | 0 | — |
| 1906 | 0 | — |
| 1907 | 0 | — |
| 1908 | 0 | — |
| 1909 | 0 | — |
| 1910 | 0 | — |
| 1911 | 0 | — |
| 1912 | 0 | — |
| 1913 | 0 | — |
| 1914 | 0 | — |
| 1915 | 0 | — |
| 1916 | 0 | — |
| 1917 | 0 | — |
| 1918 | 0 | — |
| 1919 | 0.1 | — |
| 1920 | 0 | -100.0% |
| 1921 | 0 | — |
| 1922 | 0 | — |
| 1923 | 0 | — |
| 1924 | 0 | — |
| 1925 | 0 | — |
| 1926 | 0 | — |
| 1927 | 0 | — |
| 1928 | 0 | — |
| 1929 | 0 | — |
| 1930 | 0 | — |
| 1931 | 0 | — |
| 1932 | 0 | — |
| 1933 | 0 | — |
| 1934 | 0 | — |
| 1935 | 0 | — |
| 1936 | 0 | — |
| 1937 | 0 | — |
| 1938 | 0 | — |
| 1939 | 0.1 | — |
| 1940 | 0 | -100.0% |
| 1941 | 0 | — |
| 1942 | 0 | — |
| 1943 | 0 | — |
| 1944 | 0 | — |
| 1945 | 0 | — |
| 1946 | 0 | — |
| 1947 | 0 | — |
| 1948 | 0 | — |
| 1949 | 0 | — |
| 1950 | 0 | — |
| 1951 | 0 | — |
| 1952 | 0 | — |
| 1953 | 0 | — |
| 1954 | 0 | — |
| 1955 | 0 | — |
| 1956 | 0 | — |
| 1957 | 0 | — |
| 1958 | 0 | — |
| 1959 | 0 | — |
| 1960 | 0 | — |
| 1961 | 0 | — |
| 1962 | 0 | — |
| 1963 | 0 | — |
| 1964 | 0 | — |
| 1965 | 0 | — |
| 1966 | 0 | — |
| 1967 | 0 | — |
| 1968 | 0 | — |
| 1969 | 0 | — |
| 1970 | 0 | — |
| 1971 | 0 | — |
| 1972 | 0 | — |
| 1973 | 0 | — |
| 1974 | 0 | — |
| 1975 | 0 | — |
| 1976 | 0 | — |
| 1977 | 0 | — |
| 1978 | 0 | — |
| 1979 | 0 | — |
| 1980 | 0 | — |
| 1981 | 0 | — |
| 1982 | 0 | — |
| 1983 | 0 | — |
| 1984 | 0 | — |
| 1985 | 0 | — |
| 1986 | 0 | — |
| 1987 | 0 | — |
| 1988 | 0 | — |
| 1989 | 0 | — |
| 1990 | 0 | — |
| 1991 | 0 | — |
| 1992 | 0 | — |
| 1993 | 0.157 | — |
| 1994 | 0.157 | +0.0% |
| 1995 | 0.157 | +0.0% |
| 1996 | 0.157 | +0.0% |
| 1997 | 0.157 | +0.0% |
| 1998 | 0.149 | -5.1% |
| 1999 | 0.141 | -5.4% |
| 2000 | 0.133 | -5.7% |
| 2001 | 0.126 | -5.3% |
| 2002 | 0.118 | -6.3% |
| 2003 | 0.11 | -6.8% |
| 2004 | 0.102 | -7.3% |
| 2005 | 0.094 | -7.8% |
| 2006 | 0.086 | -8.5% |
| 2007 | 0.078 | -9.3% |
| 2008 | 0.07 | -10.3% |
| 2009 | 0.063 | -10.0% |
| 2010 | 0.287 | +355.6% |
| 2011 | 0.279 | -2.8% |
| 2012 | 0.271 | -2.9% |
| 2013 | 0.271 | +0.0% |
| 2014 | 0.271 | +0.0% |
| 2015 | 0.256 | -5.5% |
| 2016 | 0.24 | -6.3% |
| 2017 | 0.225 | -6.2% |
| 2018 | 0.327 | +45.3% |
| 2019 | 0.312 | -4.6% |
| 2020 | 0.296 | -5.1% |
| 2021 | 0.281 | -5.1% |
| 2022 | 0.265 | -5.7% |
| 2023 | 0.242 | -8.7% |
| 2024 | 0.219 | -9.5% |
| 2025 | 0.195 | -11.0% |
Peru compared with similar countries
- Peru's 0.195 is above the median for upper middle income countries, which is 0.06, 3.3× the median. (48 countries reporting)
- Peru's 0.195 is above the median for Latin America & Caribbean, which is 0.072, 2.7× the median. (25 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Direct Democracy Index in Peru changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | +355.6% | 0.063 | 0.287 |
| 1920 | -100.0% | 0.1 | 0 |
| 1940 | -100.0% | 0.1 | 0 |
| 2018 | +45.3% | 0.225 | 0.327 |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1910s | 0.01 | 0 | 0.1 | 10 |
| 1920s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1930s | 0.01 | 0 | 0.1 | 10 |
| 1940s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1950s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1960s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1970s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1980s | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1990s | 0.1075 | 0 | 0.157 | 10 |
| 2000s | 0.098 | 0.063 | 0.133 | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.2739 | 0.225 | 0.327 | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.2497 | 0.195 | 0.296 | 6 |
Countries ranked near Peru
More social development data for Peru
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of 6,788 (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of 7,885 (2025)
- Political Rights Rating 3 (2025)
- Electoral democracy 1 (2025)
- Political rights rating fh, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Political rights rating fh, gaps filled 3 (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of 0.0002 units per person (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of 7,885 (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of 0.0002 units per person (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of 0 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is direct democracy index in Peru?
- Direct democracy index in Peru was 0.195 in 2025, according to V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest direct democracy index recorded in Peru?
- The highest recorded value was 0.327 in 2018.
- What is the lowest direct democracy index recorded in Peru?
- The lowest recorded value was 0 in 1900.
- How does Peru rank for direct democracy index?
- Peru ranks 26th out of 175 countries with data for 2025.
- Is direct democracy index rising or falling in Peru?
- Over the last ten years it is down 23.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Peru data come from?
- The figures come from V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Direct Democracy Index. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 126 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Measures the extent of how easy it is for citizens to vote on specific issues themselves in popular initiatives, referendums, and plebiscites.