Democracy Index by country

It combines information on the extent to which open, multi-party, and competitive elections choose a chief executive who faces comprehensive institutional constraints, and political participation is competitive. It ranges from -10 to 10 (fully democratic).

Countries reporting
165
Highest
10
Australia
Lowest
-10
Saudi Arabia
Median
7
Years covered
245
1776–2020
Data points
18,392

What the numbers show

Democracy Index is currently reported for 165 countries. The highest value is 10 in Australia; the lowest is -10 in Saudi Arabia.

The median across all reporting countries is 7, and the mean is 3.89.

Over the past decade 37 countries rose and 21 fell. The largest increase was in Central African Republic (up 700.0%), and the largest decrease in Cambodia (down 300.0%).

Democracy Index: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Australia 10 2018 unchanged flat
1 Austria 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Canada 10 2018 unchanged rising
1 Switzerland 10 2018 unchanged flat
1 Chile 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Cape Verde 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Costa Rica 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Cyprus 10 2018 unchanged rising
1 Germany 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Denmark 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Spain 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Finland 10 2018 unchanged rising
1 France 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Greece 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Hungary 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Italy 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Japan 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Lithuania 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Mongolia 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Mauritius 10 2018 unchanged rising
1 Netherlands 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Norway 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 New Zealand 10 2018 unchanged rising
1 Poland 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Portugal 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Slovakia 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Slovenia 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Sweden 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Uruguay 10 2018 unchanged volatile
1 Taiwan 10 2018 unchanged volatile
33 Albania 9 2018 unchanged volatile
33 Argentina 9 2018 up 12.5% volatile
33 Bulgaria 9 2018 unchanged volatile
33 Czechia 9 2018 unchanged volatile
33 Estonia 9 2018 unchanged volatile
33 Croatia 9 2018 unchanged volatile
33 Indonesia 9 2018 up 12.5% volatile
33 India 9 2018 unchanged rising
33 Jamaica 9 2018 unchanged falling
33 Kenya 9 2018 up 28.6% volatile
33 Moldova 9 2018 unchanged volatile
33 North Macedonia 9 2018 unchanged volatile
33 Montenegro 9 2018 unchanged volatile
33 Panama 9 2018 unchanged volatile
33 Peru 9 2018 unchanged volatile
33 Paraguay 9 2018 up 12.5% volatile
33 Romania 9 2018 unchanged volatile
33 Trinidad and Tobago 9 2018 unchanged rising
33 South Africa 9 2018 unchanged rising
52 Belgium 8 2018 unchanged volatile
52 Brazil 8 2018 unchanged volatile
52 Botswana 8 2018 unchanged rising
52 United Kingdom 8 2018 down 20.0% volatile
52 Ghana 8 2018 unchanged volatile
52 Guatemala 8 2018 unchanged volatile
52 Kyrgyzstan 8 2018 up 166.7% volatile
52 South Korea 8 2018 unchanged volatile
52 Lesotho 8 2018 unchanged volatile
52 Latvia 8 2018 unchanged volatile
52 Mexico 8 2018 unchanged volatile
52 Myanmar 8 2018 up 233.3% volatile
52 Philippines 8 2018 unchanged volatile
52 Solomon Islands 8 2018 unchanged rising
52 El Salvador 8 2018 up 14.3% volatile
52 Serbia 8 2018 unchanged volatile
52 East Timor 8 2018 up 14.3% rising
69 Armenia 7 2018 up 40.0% volatile
69 Benin 7 2018 unchanged volatile
69 Bolivia 7 2018 down 12.5% volatile
69 Bhutan 7 2018 up 133.3% volatile
69 Colombia 7 2018 unchanged volatile
69 Dominican Republic 7 2018 down 12.5% volatile
69 Georgia 7 2018 up 16.7% volatile
69 Guyana 7 2018 up 16.7% volatile
69 Honduras 7 2018 unchanged volatile
69 Liberia 7 2018 up 16.7% volatile
69 Malaysia 7 2018 up 16.7% falling
69 Nigeria 7 2018 up 75.0% volatile
69 Nepal 7 2018 up 16.7% volatile
69 Pakistan 7 2018 up 40.0% volatile
69 Senegal 7 2018 unchanged volatile
69 Sierra Leone 7 2018 unchanged volatile
69 Tunisia 7 2018 up 275.0% volatile
86 Burkina Faso 6 2018 volatile
86 Central African Republic 6 2018 up 700.0% volatile
86 Guinea-Bissau 6 2018 unchanged volatile
86 Iraq 6 2018 up 100.0% volatile
86 Israel 6 2018 unchanged falling
86 Lebanon 6 2018 unchanged volatile
86 Sri Lanka 6 2018 unchanged falling
86 Madagascar 6 2018 down 14.3% volatile
86 Malawi 6 2018 unchanged volatile
86 Namibia 6 2018 unchanged flat
86 Nicaragua 6 2018 down 33.3% volatile
86 Zambia 6 2018 down 14.3% volatile
98 Ecuador 5 2018 unchanged volatile
98 Haiti 5 2018 unchanged volatile
98 Mali 5 2018 down 28.6% volatile
98 Mozambique 5 2018 unchanged volatile
98 Niger 5 2018 down 16.7% volatile
98 Papua New Guinea 5 2018 up 25.0% rising
98 Somalia 5 2018 volatile
98 Suriname 5 2018 unchanged volatile
98 United States 5 2020 down 50.0% rising
107 Cote d'Ivoire 4 2018 volatile
107 Guinea 4 2018 up 500.0% volatile
107 Gambia 4 2018 up 180.0% volatile
107 Russia 4 2018 unchanged volatile
107 Ukraine 4 2018 down 42.9% volatile
107 Zimbabwe 4 2018 up 200.0% volatile
113 Djibouti 3 2018 up 50.0% volatile
113 Gabon 3 2018 up 175.0% volatile
113 Tanzania 3 2018 up 400.0% volatile
116 Algeria 2 2018 unchanged volatile
116 Fiji 2 2018 up 150.0% volatile
118 Ethiopia 1 2018 up 133.3% volatile
119 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 1994 up 100.0% volatile
119 Libya 0 2018 up 100.0% rising
119 South Sudan 0 2018 flat
119 Yemen 0 2018 up 100.0% volatile
123 Afghanistan -1 2018 falling
123 Burundi -1 2018 down 116.7% volatile
123 Chad -1 2018 unchanged volatile
123 Uganda -1 2018 unchanged volatile
127 Angola -2 2018 unchanged volatile
127 Mauritania -2 2018 up 60.0% rising
127 Singapore -2 2018 unchanged rising
127 Togo -2 2018 up 50.0% rising
131 Democratic Republic of Congo -3 2018 down 160.0% volatile
131 Comoros -3 2018 down 133.3% volatile
131 Jordan -3 2018 unchanged volatile
131 Rwanda -3 2018 unchanged rising
131 Thailand -3 2018 down 175.0% volatile
131 Tajikistan -3 2018 unchanged rising
131 Venezuela -3 2018 down 160.0% volatile
138 Congo -4 2018 unchanged volatile
138 Egypt -4 2018 down 33.3% volatile
138 Cambodia -4 2018 down 300.0% volatile
138 Morocco -4 2018 up 33.3% falling
138 Sudan -4 2018 unchanged flat
138 Turkey -4 2018 down 157.1% volatile
144 Cameroon -5 2018 unchanged volatile
144 Cuba -5 2018 up 28.6% volatile
146 Bangladesh -6 2018 unchanged volatile
146 Equatorial Guinea -6 2018 unchanged rising
146 Kazakhstan -6 2018 unchanged rising
149 Azerbaijan -7 2018 unchanged rising
149 Belarus -7 2018 unchanged rising
149 China -7 2018 unchanged falling
149 Eritrea -7 2018 unchanged falling
149 Iran -7 2018 down 16.7% volatile
149 Kuwait -7 2018 unchanged rising
149 Laos -7 2018 unchanged volatile
149 Eswatini -7 2018 unchanged rising
149 Vietnam -7 2018 unchanged flat
158 United Arab Emirates -8 2018 unchanged flat
158 Oman -8 2018 unchanged falling
158 Turkmenistan -8 2018 up 11.1% rising
161 Syria -9 2018 down 50.0% volatile
161 Uzbekistan -9 2018 unchanged rising
161 Vatican -9 1870 unchanged flat
164 Bahrain -10 2018 down 42.9% rising
164 North Korea -10 2018 unchanged falling
164 Qatar -10 2018 unchanged flat
164 Saudi Arabia -10 2018 unchanged flat

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

About this data

Indicator
Democracy Index
Source
Polity 5 (2020); Population based on various sources (2023) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
168 places, 18,392 data points, 1776–2020
Last refreshed

It combines information on the extent to which open, multi-party, and competitive elections choose a chief executive who faces comprehensive institutional constraints, and political participation is competitive. It ranges from -10 to 10 (fully democratic).