Varieties of democracy in Mongolia
Mongolia: Varieties of democracy was 0.535 in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2025)
0.535
Change on year
up 7.4%
World rank
81st
of 176 countries
All-time high
0.707
in 1997
All-time low
0.012
in 1922
Years of data
115
1911–2025
Varieties of democracy in Mongolia, 1911–2025
Source: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
Analysis
In 2025, varieties of democracy in Mongolia stood at 0.535.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 7.4% on the previous year and down 21.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, varieties of democracy in Mongolia peaked at 0.707 in 1997 and was at its lowest, 0.012, in 1922.
Mongolia ranks 81st of 176 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Varieties of democracy in Mongolia, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1911 | 0.017 | — |
| 1912 | 0.017 | +0.0% |
| 1913 | 0.017 | +0.0% |
| 1914 | 0.017 | +0.0% |
| 1915 | 0.017 | +0.0% |
| 1916 | 0.017 | +0.0% |
| 1917 | 0.017 | +0.0% |
| 1918 | 0.016 | -5.9% |
| 1919 | 0.016 | +0.0% |
| 1920 | 0.016 | +0.0% |
| 1921 | 0.016 | +0.0% |
| 1922 | 0.012 | -25.0% |
| 1923 | 0.012 | +0.0% |
| 1924 | 0.068 | +466.7% |
| 1925 | 0.098 | +44.1% |
| 1926 | 0.098 | +0.0% |
| 1927 | 0.098 | +0.0% |
| 1928 | 0.098 | +0.0% |
| 1929 | 0.098 | +0.0% |
| 1930 | 0.098 | +0.0% |
| 1931 | 0.098 | +0.0% |
| 1932 | 0.098 | +0.0% |
| 1933 | 0.098 | +0.0% |
| 1934 | 0.098 | +0.0% |
| 1935 | 0.098 | +0.0% |
| 1936 | 0.096 | -2.0% |
| 1937 | 0.096 | +0.0% |
| 1938 | 0.096 | +0.0% |
| 1939 | 0.096 | +0.0% |
| 1940 | 0.082 | -14.6% |
| 1941 | 0.067 | -18.3% |
| 1942 | 0.067 | +0.0% |
| 1943 | 0.067 | +0.0% |
| 1944 | 0.067 | +0.0% |
| 1945 | 0.073 | +9.0% |
| 1946 | 0.074 | +1.4% |
| 1947 | 0.074 | +0.0% |
| 1948 | 0.074 | +0.0% |
| 1949 | 0.074 | +0.0% |
| 1950 | 0.075 | +1.4% |
| 1951 | 0.092 | +22.7% |
| 1952 | 0.165 | +79.3% |
| 1953 | 0.169 | +2.4% |
| 1954 | 0.169 | +0.0% |
| 1955 | 0.169 | +0.0% |
| 1956 | 0.169 | +0.0% |
| 1957 | 0.169 | +0.0% |
| 1958 | 0.169 | +0.0% |
| 1959 | 0.169 | +0.0% |
| 1960 | 0.174 | +3.0% |
| 1961 | 0.176 | +1.1% |
| 1962 | 0.176 | +0.0% |
| 1963 | 0.176 | +0.0% |
| 1964 | 0.176 | +0.0% |
| 1965 | 0.176 | +0.0% |
| 1966 | 0.176 | +0.0% |
| 1967 | 0.175 | -0.6% |
| 1968 | 0.175 | +0.0% |
| 1969 | 0.176 | +0.6% |
| 1970 | 0.176 | +0.0% |
| 1971 | 0.176 | +0.0% |
| 1972 | 0.176 | +0.0% |
| 1973 | 0.177 | +0.6% |
| 1974 | 0.178 | +0.6% |
| 1975 | 0.178 | +0.0% |
| 1976 | 0.178 | +0.0% |
| 1977 | 0.178 | +0.0% |
| 1978 | 0.178 | +0.0% |
| 1979 | 0.178 | +0.0% |
| 1980 | 0.178 | +0.0% |
| 1981 | 0.179 | +0.6% |
| 1982 | 0.18 | +0.6% |
| 1983 | 0.18 | +0.0% |
| 1984 | 0.18 | +0.0% |
| 1985 | 0.18 | +0.0% |
| 1986 | 0.18 | +0.0% |
| 1987 | 0.18 | +0.0% |
| 1988 | 0.18 | +0.0% |
| 1989 | 0.184 | +2.2% |
| 1990 | 0.372 | +102.2% |
| 1991 | 0.555 | +49.2% |
| 1992 | 0.667 | +20.2% |
| 1993 | 0.698 | +4.6% |
| 1994 | 0.698 | +0.0% |
| 1995 | 0.698 | +0.0% |
| 1996 | 0.7 | +0.3% |
| 1997 | 0.707 | +1.0% |
| 1998 | 0.707 | +0.0% |
| 1999 | 0.707 | +0.0% |
| 2000 | 0.674 | -4.7% |
| 2001 | 0.663 | -1.6% |
| 2002 | 0.671 | +1.2% |
| 2003 | 0.672 | +0.1% |
| 2004 | 0.67 | -0.3% |
| 2005 | 0.673 | +0.4% |
| 2006 | 0.685 | +1.8% |
| 2007 | 0.685 | +0.0% |
| 2008 | 0.653 | -4.7% |
| 2009 | 0.662 | +1.4% |
| 2010 | 0.679 | +2.6% |
| 2011 | 0.676 | -0.4% |
| 2012 | 0.683 | +1.0% |
| 2013 | 0.684 | +0.1% |
| 2014 | 0.686 | +0.3% |
| 2015 | 0.681 | -0.7% |
| 2016 | 0.671 | -1.5% |
| 2017 | 0.661 | -1.5% |
| 2018 | 0.653 | -1.2% |
| 2019 | 0.653 | +0.0% |
| 2020 | 0.629 | -3.7% |
| 2021 | 0.609 | -3.2% |
| 2022 | 0.573 | -5.9% |
| 2023 | 0.534 | -6.8% |
| 2024 | 0.498 | -6.7% |
| 2025 | 0.535 | +7.4% |
Mongolia compared with similar countries
- Mongolia's 0.535 is above the median for upper middle income countries, which is 0.491, 1.1× the median. (48 countries reporting)
- Mongolia's 0.535 is above the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 0.4645, 1.2× the median. (22 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1910s | 0.0168 | 0.016 | 0.017 | 9 |
| 1920s | 0.0614 | 0.012 | 0.098 | 10 |
| 1930s | 0.0972 | 0.096 | 0.098 | 10 |
| 1940s | 0.0719 | 0.067 | 0.082 | 10 |
| 1950s | 0.1515 | 0.075 | 0.169 | 10 |
| 1960s | 0.1756 | 0.174 | 0.176 | 10 |
| 1970s | 0.1773 | 0.176 | 0.178 | 10 |
| 1980s | 0.1801 | 0.178 | 0.184 | 10 |
| 1990s | 0.6509 | 0.372 | 0.707 | 10 |
| 2000s | 0.6708 | 0.653 | 0.685 | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.6727 | 0.653 | 0.686 | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.563 | 0.498 | 0.629 | 6 |
Countries ranked near Mongolia
More social development data for Mongolia
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of 11 (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of 2,403 (2025)
- Political Rights Rating 1 (2025)
- Electoral democracy 1 (2025)
- Political rights rating fh, annual growth rate 0 % change on previous year (2025)
- Political rights rating fh, gaps filled 1 (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of 0.0007 units per person (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of 2,403 (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of 0 units per person (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of 0 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is varieties of democracy in Mongolia?
- Varieties of democracy in Mongolia was 0.535 in 2025, according to V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest varieties of democracy recorded in Mongolia?
- The highest recorded value was 0.707 in 1997.
- What is the lowest varieties of democracy recorded in Mongolia?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.012 in 1922.
- How does Mongolia rank for varieties of democracy?
- Mongolia ranks 81st out of 176 countries with data for 2025.
- Is varieties of democracy rising or falling in Mongolia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 21.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Mongolia data come from?
- The figures come from V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Varieties of democracy. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 115 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Central estimate of the extent to which political leaders are elected under comprehensive suffrage in free and fair elections, and freedoms of association and expression are guaranteed.